Internet Archive Scholar
Latest screenshot: 2024-07-09
Access to search interface:
open
Last major interface update:
N/A
Owner of search system:
Internet Archive
Location of system headquarters:
San Francisco, US
Year of launch:
2021
Type:
Search engine
Help URL:
X-Handle:
Description of search system (by system owner)
This fulltext search index includes over 35 million research articles and other scholarly documents preserved in the Internet Archive. The collection spans from digitized copies of eighteenth century journals through the latest Open Access conference proceedings and preprints crawled from the World Wide Web.
Content in this search index comes in one of three forms:
- public web content as preserved in The Wayback Machine and Archive-It partner collections
- digitized print materials from paper and microform collections
- general materials from archive.org collections, including collaborations with partners
Total coverage:
250.31M
Year-over-year growth (2022-2023):
-24.04%
Subject coverage:
Multidisciplinary
Retrospective coverage:
1500–2024
Record types:
7
Open Access records:
83.68M / 33.43%
Search functionality and interface
Systematic keyword searching:
limited
Backward citation searching:
limited
Forward citation searching:
limited
Query builder:
Search history:
Match preview:
Sorting options:
3
Query
Latency with short query:
3.5 seconds
Latency with long query:
60 seconds
Controlled vocabulary:
Field codes:
34
Full text search:
Search string length (narrow):
10 terms max.
Search string length (wide):
N/A
Language support: Chinese:
Language support: Cyrillic:
Truncation:
Wildcards:
Keyword position irrelevant:
Longer strings, fewer hits:
Automatic query expansion (stemming):
Verbatim queries:
Reproducible queries (time):
Reproducible queries (locations):
Operators
Search operators:
11
Boolean 'OR':
Boolean 'AND':
Boolean 'NOT':
Proximity operator:
Boolean works exact:
Nested search (parentheses):
Citation search / filtering
Record type filters:
4
Results filters:
3
Suggested related records:
Supported by bibliometric tools:
N/A
Backward citation information:
Backward citation score:
N/A
Forward citation information:
Forward citation score:
N/A
Retrieval
Number of accessible records:
2015
Bulk select records:
Bulk export records:
1
Export formats:
4
API:
open
Bulk select records' backward citations:
Bulk export backward citations:
N/A
Bulk select records' forward citations:
Bulk export forward citations:
N/A
